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                        ATHEROSCLEROSIS    what is atherosclerosis ? - a pattern of vascular disease which is characterized by intimal lesions called atheromas /atheromatous / atherosclerotic plaques that protrude into and obstruct the vascular lumen and weaken the underlying tunica media. what are the common sites of formation of atheromas? - proximal portion of coronary arteries -  internal carotid arteries -  the circle of willis - large vessels of the lower extremities - renal arteries - mesenteric arteries     morphology of atheromatous plaques A)  MACROSCOPIC : color : white yellow ,if superimposed thrombus over ulcerated plaque then it is red - brown  size   : vary in size shape : patchy and eccentric cut section : a) central necrotic core  b)subendothelial superficial fibromuscular cap periphery of the lesions : NEOVASCULARIZATION    B)MICROSCOPIC : three principal component  cells : smooth muscle cell,macrophage and  t cell extracellular matrix : collagen,elastic fibers and pr

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS what is Arteriosclerosis?? - a genetic term used for thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial  wall what are the classifications? A) arteriosclerosis - affects small arteries and arterioles   a) hyaline arteriosclerosis           -caused by proteins leaking into the vessel wall          -produces vascular thickening          -seen as pink hyaline on microscopy   b)hyperplastic arteriosclerosis          - characterized by concentric laminated   'onion skin' thickening of arteriolar wall         B) atherosclerosis - affects large and medium sized artery             - most frequent and clinically important pattern           - characterized by intimal lesion called fibrous plaques or, atheromas            - occurs within the intima of arteries C) monckeyberg medial calcific sclerosis           - characterized by calcification of the walls of muscular arteries           - typicall